Summary:
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### **1. Regulatory & Policy Context**
* The document captures **successive updates to ALMM List-II** issued between **July and December 2025**, reflecting the government’s ongoing effort to expand the approved domestic solar cell base.
* These revisions strengthen compliance clarity for **CPSU, government-backed, and ALMM-mandated solar projects**.
* Validity timelines extending up to **2029** provide regulatory stability for long-term project planning.
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### **2. Expansion of Domestic Manufacturing Base**
* A wide range of manufacturers have been added or expanded, including **Waaree, Tata Power, TP Solar, Premier Energies, Emmvee, Mundra Solar, ReNew, Jupiter International, Websol, FS India Solar Ventures**, among others.
* The updates demonstrate a **broad-based industrial push**, reducing reliance on imported solar cells.
* Several companies already listed in **ALMM List-I (modules)** are deemed eligible for **List-II (cells)**, encouraging vertical integration.
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### **3. Technology Mix & Market Direction**
* The listings highlight a strong shift toward **high-efficiency technologies**, particularly:
* **N-Type TOPCon bifacial cells**
* **P-Type Mono PERC bifacial cells**
* This technology mix aligns Indian manufacturing with **global efficiency and performance trends**.
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### **4. Performance & Efficiency Benchmarks**
* Average declared cell efficiencies range from **~22% to over 25%**, with maximum ranges extending up to **~26%**.
* Wattage per cell typically spans **6.3 W to 8.7 W**, indicating suitability for **high-power module configurations**.
* These benchmarks enhance competitiveness for Indian-made cells in large-scale utility projects.
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### **5. Technical Specifications for Procurement**
* Common formats include **M10 / M10R cell sizes (182 mm & 183.75 mm)**.
* Configurations cover **10BB and 16BB designs**, supporting improved current collection and reduced resistive losses.
* All cells are declared **PID-free**, an important consideration for long-term reliability.
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### **6. Manufacturing Capacity & Scale**
* Individual manufacturer capacities range from **a few hundred MW to over 3 GW annually**.
* Collectively, the listed capacities significantly boost India’s **cell manufacturing depth**, supporting gigawatt-scale annual installations.
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### **7. Geographic Manufacturing Footprint**
* Manufacturing facilities are spread across **Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh**, and other states.
* This geographic diversity lowers supply chain risk and supports **regional industrial development**.
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### **8. Commercial & EPC Implications**
* EPCs and developers benefit from:
* **Wider ALMM-compliant sourcing options**
* Improved **pricing competition**
* Reduced import dependency and logistics risk
* The expanded list improves project execution timelines, especially for **government and PSU tenders**.
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