Summary:
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## 🌞 **1. National Renewable Energy Overview**
### **Installed Capacity (as on 31 March 2025):**
* **Total installed power generation capacity:** **475.21 GW**
* **Renewable energy installed capacity:** **220.10 GW**
* **Share of RE in total capacity:** **46.32%**
* **Non-fossil fuel-based capacity (RE + Large Hydro + Nuclear):** **48.04%**
* Growth since 2014–15:
* Total capacity ↑ **72.18%**
* RE capacity ↑ **170.69%**
* Solar, wind, bio, small hydro ↑ **331.49%**
### **Key Insights:**
* **2024–25** saw a record **29.53 GW** addition from RE compared to just **3.72 GW** from non-RE sources.
* RE sector growth rate: **15.5%**, non-RE: **1.5%**.
* India ranks **4th globally** in total RE capacity and **3rd in solar capacity** (IRENA 2025).
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## ⚡ **2. Electricity Generation (2024–25)**
* **Total generation:** **1824.12 Billion Units (BU)**
* **Renewable generation:** **403.64 BU (22.13%)**
* **Growth (2014–25):**
* Total generation ↑ **65.02%**
* RE generation ↑ **111.37%**
* **Solar energy:** 144.15 BU, CAGR **41.13%**
* **Wind energy:** 83.35 BU, CAGR **9.46%**
* India ranks **5th globally** in total RE generation and **3rd in solar generation**.
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## 🧩 **3. Sector-Wise Installed Capacity (as of March 2025)**
| Source | Installed Capacity (GW) | Growth (2014–25) | CAGR |
| ————— | ———————– | —————- | —– |
| **Solar** | 105.65 | 2547.9% | 38.8% |
| **Wind** | 50.04 | 114.2% | 7.9% |
| **Bio Power** | 10.74 | 29.2% | 2.6% |
| **Small Hydro** | 5.10 | 25.6% | 2.3% |
**Solar Power** has overtaken **Wind Power** as the largest contributor, accounting for **61.3%** of RE installed capacity.
### **Category-wise Solar Installations (as on 31.03.2025):**
* Ground-mounted: **83.89 GW (79.4%)**
* Rooftop: **17.02 GW (16.1%)**
* Off-grid (KUSUM, etc.): **4.74 GW (4.5%)**
**Bio Power breakdown:**
* Biomass & Bagasse Cogeneration: **84.8%**
* Non-bagasse cogeneration: **7.9%**
* Waste-to-Energy (grid + off-grid): **7.2%**
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## 📊 **4. State-Wise Highlights (Top 5 States)**
| Rank | State | RE Installed Capacity (GW) | Share in India’s RE Capacity | Key Insights |
| —– | ————— | ————————– | —————————- | —————————————————————— |
| **1** | **Rajasthan** | 34.14 | 15.51% | RE share in total state capacity: 72.45%. Solar dominates (82.9%). |
| **2** | **Gujarat** | 33.39 | 15.17% | RE share: 57.36%. Solar (55.4%), Wind (38%). |
| **3** | **Tamil Nadu** | 25.24 | 11.47% | RE share: 58.6%. Wind dominates (46.5%). |
| **4** | **Karnataka** | 23.92 | 10.87% | RE share: 69%. Solar (40%), Wind (31%). |
| **5** | **Maharashtra** | 22.40 | 10.18% | RE share: 43%. Solar (47.7%), Wind (23.6%). |
### **Generation (2024–25):**
* Rajasthan: 57.35 BU
* Gujarat: 52.00 BU
* Karnataka: 48.14 BU
* Tamil Nadu: 38.41 BU
* Maharashtra: 25.23 BU
→ Together, these 5 states contribute **~65%** of India’s total RE generation.
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## 🌍 **5. International Renewable Energy Status (IRENA 2025)**
### **Global Installed Capacity (as of December 2024):**
* **Total RE Capacity:** **4442.76 GW**
* **RE Share in World Installed Capacity:** **46.2%**
* **Annual Addition (2024):** 581.86 GW RE vs 55.66 GW non-RE
**Top 5 Countries in RE Installed Capacity (as of 31 Dec 2024):**
| Rank | Country | Capacity (GW) | Global Share |
| —- | ——— | ————- | ———— |
| 1 | China | 1817.96 | 41% |
| 2 | USA | 427.89 | 10% |
| 3 | Brazil | 213.86 | 5% |
| 4 | **India** | **204.48** | 4.6% |
| 5 | Germany | 178.65 | 4% |
**By Source:**
* Solar: 1866.31 GW
* Wind: 1132.66 GW
* Renewable Hydro: 1267.0 GW
* Bioenergy: 176.79 GW
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### **Global Electricity Generation (2023):**
* **From RE sources:** 8928.49 TWh (≈30% of total electricity)
* Growth since 2015: +61.9%
* **Regional growth (2015–2023):**
* Asia: from 2033 → 4008 TWh
* Europe: from 1174 → 1626 TWh
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## 🪶 **6. Key National Initiatives Highlighted (2024–25)**
* **PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana:** Target to solarize **1 crore households** by 2027.
* **PM-KUSUM Scheme:** Solarization of pumps & farmer-centric solar projects.
* **National Green Hydrogen Mission:** Establish India as a **global green hydrogen hub**.
* **Offshore Wind (VGF) Scheme:** 1000 MW pilot projects launched.
* **Solar Village Initiative:** 1 model solar-powered village per district.
* **New Solar Power Scheme for Tribal Areas (PM-JANMAN):** Focus on electrifying PVTG & remote tribal villages.
* **Revised National Bioenergy Programme:** Enhanced CFA for biomass pellet and briquette plants.
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## 📈 **7. Key Trends and Insights**
* India’s RE capacity grew **2.3× faster** than total power capacity.
* **Solar** contributes **61% of RE capacity** and **57% of RE generation**.
* RE share in total installed capacity likely to **cross 50% by FY 2026**.
* **Rajasthan, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra** remain the **renewable powerhouses**.
* Strong alignment with **UN SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy)** and **SDG 13 (Climate Action)**.
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