India Strengthens Critical Minerals Ecosystem to Boost Energy Security and Self-Reliance – EQ
In Short : India is developing a comprehensive critical minerals ecosystem to support energy transition and reduce imports. Since 2014, 542 mineral blocks have been auctioned, including 34 under the National Critical Mineral Mission. Initiatives include competitive exploration licenses, recycling incentives, advanced research centers, and international collaborations, strengthening India’s strategic mineral reserves and advancing self-reliance in clean energy resources.
In Detail : India is actively building a comprehensive ecosystem for critical minerals to reduce dependence on imports and support its energy transition goals. Union Minister for Coal and Mines, G. Kishan Reddy, highlighted that since 2014, 542 mineral blocks have been auctioned across 16 states, including 34 critical mineral blocks under the National Critical Mineral Mission.
The government has introduced competitive bidding for exploration licenses, focusing on deep-seated minerals such as lithium, copper, gold, and rare earth elements. The first tranche of exploration licenses, covering 13 blocks, was launched in March 2025, with seven blocks advancing to the second round, ensuring transparent and efficient allocation.
To enhance domestic capabilities, the government implemented a ₹1,500 crore incentive scheme for recycling critical minerals. Centres of Excellence have been established to promote advanced research and technology adoption. Additionally, KABIL (Khanij Bidesh India Ltd) has secured lithium blocks in Argentina, strengthening India’s strategic stockpiles of essential minerals.
Technological integration is a key component of the government’s strategy. Drone surveys, AI-driven geological modeling, and remote sensing are being leveraged to accelerate exploration and optimize resource identification. These modern methods aim to position India as a global hub for clean energy minerals.
Minister Reddy emphasized that these initiatives align with India’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070. Focusing on domestic exploration and international collaborations is central to creating a self-reliant and sustainable mineral sector capable of supporting energy and industrial growth.
The National Critical Mineral Mission plays a pivotal role in securing minerals essential for energy and technology applications. By fostering both domestic and international partnerships, India is strategically positioning itself as a reliable and competitive player in the global mineral supply chain.
The government’s efforts extend to related initiatives such as the Coal Gasification Mission, targeting 100 million tonnes by 2030. Supported by an ₹8,500 crore incentive scheme, these projects underscore the balance between energy production, environmental sustainability, and resource efficiency.
Through these multifaceted strategies, India is enhancing mineral exploration capabilities while ensuring that the growth of its coal and mineral sectors contributes to green development and energy security. The country is working to integrate sustainability into its core resource policies.
